[ACC2012]患者共同决策——克利夫兰大学医院William R. Lewis专访
Shared Decision-making is to Narrow the Gap —— An Interview with Dr. William R. Lewis
简介:William R. Lewis, MD,副教授,克利夫兰大学医院;临床心脏病学杂志主编;主要研究领域心血管疾病,心房颤动和心脏电生理。
<International Circulation>:What, then, is CardioSmart?
《国际循环》:什么是CardioSmart?
Dr Lewis: We are looking at it as an extension of the physician’s office. Realistically, there are a lot of things that CardioSmart can achieve for you. You may just want information. If that is the case, information is catalogued in a way that you can see and understand it. But that is just one part of the information pool that is available. Then there is the shared decision-making component. We would envision a patient accessing the shared decision-making piece and identifying what their problem is and the treatment that has been offered to them and then being presented an educational piece taking into account their desired outcomes and those of their physician. This would help guide them through that decision-making process. It is not intended to take over a physician’s office or a discussion with a physician. It is meant to supplement them.
In the United States, we are now seeing patients for shorter periods of time. When we do that there is a lot of pressure to give them more information and to do it in less time. We need to understand that this requires teamwork and what the American College of Cardiology is trying to do is to become a member of that team and to supplement the process. There are a lot of things about a patient visiting the physician’s office that are very interesting. Once a person hears the word “heart disease”, for example, they do not take in anything said after that. So in a fifteen minute consultation, there are two problems. One is that it is very time pressured. Secondly, if you hear a word that frightens you, you might not be listening to anything else. The team approach means that we need other members of the healthcare team to help us. That can be done in a variety of ways. You could have nurses who do education for you. You could have other staff helping the healthcare team work effectively so that the physician’s time is used more effectively. What CardioSmart does is become a member of that team to help you and your office and to be an extension of your practice. We work with the American College of Cardiology as a trusted professional organization, and we provide the patient with written information and a checklist recommending they visit the website and advising them that the practice partners with the American College of Cardiology to facilitate communication with them and their further education as a patient.
Dr. Lewis:我们将其视为医生办公室的延伸。实际上,CardioSmart能为你实现很多事情。你可能只想要得到信息。如果是这种情况,信息将以一种你能够看明白和理解的方式分类后提供给你。但这仅仅是可用信息库的一部分。你可能想和其他患者进行交流,因而其还有一个可实现患者间相互交流的博客。还有一个组成部分就是共同决策。我们让患者访问共同决策版块,确定他们存在的问题及已提供给他们的服务,然后根据他们及其医生的预期结局来设置教育版块。这将有助于对整个共同决策过程进行指导。它的目的不是取代医生办公室或与医生讨论,而仅是对医生办公室的补充。在美国,我们现在看病人的时间越来越短。CardioSmart则能够用更少的时间为患者提供更多信息。我们需要明白这需要整个团队的努力,ACC正在做的就是成为这个团队的一员,并对其进行补充。患者到医生办公室就诊存在很多问题,例如某个人听到心脏疾病这个词,他可能听不进其后的其他事情;因此,在15分钟的咨询时间,存在两个问题,一个是时间很紧张,另一个就是如果你听到一个令你感到恐惧的词,那你可能无法再听进去其他事情。团队的方式则意味着我们需要健康团队的其他成员来帮助我们。其可能有很多不同的实现方式。可以有专门的教育护士,也可以有其他成员来帮助健康团队更有效地工作,因此患者的时间得到更有效地利用。CardioSmart所做的就是成为该团队的一员,成为医生办公室的延伸,帮助医生和其办公室。我们与ACC一起成立值得信赖的专业机构,为患者提供书面材料和清单,推荐他们访问网站并建议他们与ACC合作使ACC与他们之间的沟通更为便利,使他们能更方便得到继续教育。